The major pollutant of concern in wildfire smoke is particulate matter, which is a general term for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets in the air.

Equine specialists in California have published new guidelines to help horses exposed to wildfire smoke, in response to severe fires across the state over the past three months.

Unhealthy air containing wildfire smoke and particulates can build up in the respiratory systems of both humans and horses, causing health issues such as burning eyes and bronchitis.

Particulates can also worsen diseases of the heart and lungs - including congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema and asthma.

Specialists at the University of California (UC) Davis are offering a general guide, as there is little information available for horse owners and even veterinarians.

The major pollutant of concern in wildfire smoke is particulate matter, which is a general term for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets in the air. As particulates in smoke are very small, they are able to reach the deepest airways within the lung.

Smoke produces similar effects in horses and humans - irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract, worsening of conditions such as recurrent airway obstruction and reduced lung function. High concentrations of particulates can cause a persistent cough, increased nasal discharge, wheezing and changes to the immune system, making it harder for the lungs to remove foreign materials, such as pollen and bacteria.

Key advice from UC Davis specialists includes:

For further information, see the UC Davis guidelines: http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/whatsnew/article.cfm?id=4054

Image © UC Davis